To connect their historical study of affirmative action to current events, have students research one of the following contemporary court cases debating affirmative action since the Bakke decision. They can use a high-quality website such as Oyez.org to search for cases and explore their issues.

• Grutter v. Bollinger (2003)
• Gratz v. Bollinger (2003)
• Fisher v. University of Texas (2016)
• Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard (2023)

Lead a Four Corners discussion by dividing the room into four quadrants and labeling them “Strongly Agree,” “Agree,” “Disagree,” and “Strongly Disagree.” For each statement below, instruct students to move to the quadrant that represents their personal views. Call on 2-3 students from each quadrant to share their opinions with the class before moving on to the next statement.

• Affirmative action is no longer needed to diversify college campuses.
• Colleges should use race as a factor in admissions.
• Affirmative action in college admissions is fair and just.
• The U.S. educational system is a meritocracy.